《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(9): 1490-1498

冬季温室补光时长对番茄幼苗生长、光合特性及碳代谢的影响

文莲莲¹, 李岩^1,2,3,4,*, 张聃丘¹, 黄世杰¹, 秦利杰¹, 宋甲斌⁵, 韩吉书⁵, 魏珉^1,2,3,4,*

¹山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 山东泰安271018; ²山东农业大学农业部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站, 山东泰安271018; ³山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安271018; ⁴山东农业大学山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心, 山东泰安271018; ⁵山东省蔬菜工厂化育苗示范工程技术研究中心, 济南251400

通信作者：李岩；E-mail: edmonlee@163.com, minwei@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

采用LED (发光二极管)光源, 将红蓝白组合光应用于冬季日光温室进行番茄苗期补光试验。分别在早上揭开保温被(8:30)前和下午盖保温被(16:30)后进行补光, 每日补光时数分别为1、2、3和4 h, 以自然光照为对照(CK), 研究温室番茄幼苗生长、光合特性及碳代谢对不同补光时长的响应。结果表明, 与自然光照相比, 早晚补光显著增加了植株茎粗、叶面积、干鲜重, 提高了根冠比、壮苗指数、根系构型参数和根系活力, 改善了光系统II性能, 且显著提高蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性, 促进淀粉积累, 均以每日补光4 h效果较好, 但随补光时间的延长, 总糖、还原糖和蔗糖呈逐渐降低趋势。综上, 冬季温室番茄育苗补照4 h红蓝白组合光能够通过改善光系统II性能, 提高幼苗光合效率, 进而促进植株生物量的积累, 有利于壮苗培育。

关键词：LED; 补光; 壮苗指数; 光合; 碳代谢

收稿：2018-06-01   修定：2018-08-16

资助：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-23-C04)、国家自然科学基金(31401921)、山东省自然科学基金(ZR2014-CQ029)、国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD05B03)、国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302403)和山东农业大学‘双一流’科技创新团队设施园艺优势团队专项(SYL2017YSTD07)。

Effects of supplemental light duration on the growth, photosynthetic characteristic and carbon metabolism of tomato seedlings in winter under solar greenhouse

WEN Lian-Lian¹, LI Yan^1,2,3,4,*, ZHANG Dan-Qiu¹, HUANG Shi-Jie¹, QIN Li-Jie¹, SONG Jia-Bin⁵, HAN Ji-Shu⁵, WEI Min^1,2,3,4,*

¹College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; ²Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; ³State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; ⁴Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; ⁵Shandong Demonstration Engineering and Technology Research Center of Factory-cultivated Vegetable Seedling, Jinan 251400, China

Corresponding author: LI Yan; E-mail: edmonlee@163.com, minwei@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

In this experiment, the combination of red, blue and white light generated by LED (light emitting diode) was applied as the supplemental light test of tomato seedlings under solar greenhouse in winter before opening the heat preservation quilt in the morning (8:30) and after covering in the afternoon (16:30). The daily supplemental light duration was 1, 2, 3 and 4 h, respectively. The response of growth, photosynthetic characteristic and carbon metabolism of tomato seedlings in solar greenhouse to different supplemental light duration was studied with the natural light as control (CK). The results showed that, compared with CK, supplementing light on tomato seedlings significantly increased plant stem diameter, leaf area and dry and fresh weight, enhanced ratio of root to shoot, seedling index, parameters of root system configuration and root activity, as well as the PSII performance and activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and then, the accumulation of starch was promoted when the supplemental light duration was 4 h. However, the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and sucrose was reduced with the supplemental light duration. In conclusion, supplemental light duration of 4 h could promote the accumulation of plant biomass and was beneficial to produce strong tomato seedlings through the improved photosystem II performance and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency in winter under solar greenhouse.

Key words: LED; supplemental light; seedling index; photosynthesis; carbon metabolism